美国Seracare-麴菌病/曲霉属质控品Aspergillis-,质控品广州健仑生物科技有限公司手机版

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美国Seracare麴菌病/曲霉属质控品Aspergillis

广州健仑生物科技有限公司

广州健仑长期供应各种生物原料，主要代理品牌：美国Seracare、西班牙Certest、美国Fuller等等。

主要产品包括各种标准品、阳性对照品、单克隆抗原抗体。

其中常见的有：弓形虫病、西尼罗河病毒、类风湿因子、疟疾、麻疹、莱姆病、百日咳杆菌、大肠杆菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、李斯特菌等阳性对照品。

美国Seracare麴菌病/曲霉属质控品Aspergillis

我司还提供其它进口或国产试剂盒：登革热、疟疾、流感、A链球菌、合胞病毒、腮病毒、乙脑、寨卡、黄热病、基孔肯雅热、克锥虫病、违禁品滥用、肺炎球菌、军团菌、化妆品检测、食品安全检测等试剂盒以及日本生研细菌分型诊断血清、德国SiFin诊断血清、丹麦SSI诊断血清等产品。

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【Seracare产品介绍】

编号	英文名称	中文名称
JL-FA-01	Amebiasis (AME)	阿米巴病
JL-FA-02	Allergens, Rast scores	过敏原，放射性过敏原吸收实验。指对特定的人群引起免疫反应或者过敏反应的食品中的蛋白质
JL-FA-03	Allergens, Rast scores negative	过敏原，放射性过敏原吸收实验阴性
JL-FA-04	Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide Antibody (CCP) Arthritis	抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体
JL-FA-05	ASCA Saccharomyces Cerevi	人抗酿酒酵母抗体（ASCA）
JL-FA-06	Aspergillis	麴菌病
JL-FA-07	Beta 2 Glycoprotein	β2糖蛋白
JL-FA-08	Beta 2 Glycoprotein IgM	β2糖蛋白 IGM
JL-FA-09	Bordela Pertussis	百日咳杆菌
JL-FA-10	Bordela Pertussis IgM	百日咳杆菌 IGM
JL-FA-11	C-ANCA	C-抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体（ANCA)
JL-FA-12	Cardiolipin	心肌磷脂
JL-FA-13	Cardiolipin IgA	心肌磷脂 IGA
JL-FA-14	Cardiolipin IgG	心肌磷脂 IGG
JL-FA-15	Cardiolipin IgM	心肌磷脂 IGM
JL-FA-16	Cerebral Spinal Fluid	脑脊髓液
JL-FA-17	Chagas	恰加斯病/南美锥虫
JL-FA-18	Chlamydia	衣原体
JL-FA-19	Chlamydia IgA	衣原体IGA
JL-FA-20	Chlamydia IgG	衣原体IGG
JL-FA-21	Chlamydia IgM	衣原体IGM
JL-FA-22	Chlamydia Neg	衣原体阴性
JL-FA-23	Clotting Factor C3	凝固因子C3
JL-FA-24	Clotting Factor C4	凝固因子C4
JL-FA-25	Coccidiodes	球孢菌
JL-FA-26	Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Neg	巨细胞病毒抗体阴性
JL-FA-27	CMV IgG	巨细胞病毒 IGG阳性
JL-FA-28	CMV IgM VCA	巨细胞病毒 IGM 阳性
JL-FA-29	C-Reactive Protein (CRP)	C-反应蛋白质
JL-FA-30	Dengue Fever	登革热
JL-FA-31	Dengue Fever IgM	登革热 IGM
JL-FA-32	DS (Double Stranded) DNA	双链脱氧核糖核酸
JL-FA-33	EBNA (Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen) IgG	EB病毒核抗原 IGG
JL-FA-34	EBNA (Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen) IgM	EB病毒核抗原 IGM
JL-FA-35	Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) Negative Plasma	EB病毒阴性血浆
JL-FA-36	Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) EA IgM	EB病毒早期抗原 IGM
JL-FA-37	Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) VCA IgM	EB病毒壳蛋白 IGM
JL-FA-38	Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) EA IgG	EB病毒早期抗原 IGG
JL-FA-39	EMA (Endomysial Antibodies)	肌内膜
JL-FA-40	Gliadin	麸蛋白,麦醇溶蛋白,麦胶蛋白
JL-FA-41	Gliadin IgG	麦醇溶蛋白 IGG
JL-FA-42	Gliadin IgA	麦醇溶蛋白 IGA
JL-FA-43	Glomerular Basement Membrane (GBMA)	肾小球基底膜病
JL-FA-44	Helicobacter pylori IgA	幽门螺旋杆菌IGA
JL-FA-45	Helicobacter pylori IgG	幽门螺旋杆菌IGG
JL-FA-46	Helicobacter pylori IgM	幽门螺旋杆菌IGM
JL-FA-47	Helicobacter pylori Negative	幽门螺旋杆菌阴性
JL-FA-48	Helicobacter pylori Positive Plasma	幽门螺旋杆菌阴性血浆
JL-FA-49	Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) Pos. Plasma	甲型肝炎病毒阳性血浆
JL-FA-50	Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) IgM	甲型肝炎病毒IGM
JL-FA-51	Hepatitis B Core (HBc) IgG	乙型肝炎病毒核心 IGG
JL-FA-52	Hepatitis B Core (HBc) IgM	乙型肝炎病毒核心 IGM
JL-FA-53	Anti Hbe (Antibody to HBV antigen)	乙肝抗体
JL-FA-54	Hepatitis Delta Virus	丁型肝炎病毒
JL-FA-55	HBeAg (HBV e antigen)	乙肝 E抗原
JL-FA-56	anti-HBs (HBV surface antibody)	乙肝表面抗体
JL-FA-57	Hepatitis B (HBsAg) "Chronic"	乙型肝炎（乙肝表面抗原）“慢性病
JL-FA-58	HBsAg (HBV surface antigen) Serum	乙肝表面抗原血清
JL-FA-59	HBsAg (AD)	乙肝表面抗原（AD）
JL-FA-60	HBsAg (AY)	乙肝表面抗原（AY）
JL-FA-61	HBV Positive Plasma	乙肝阳性血浆
JL-FA-62	HBV DNA Plasma	乙肝DNA血浆
JL-FA-63	HBV DNA Serum	乙肝DNA血清
JL-FA-64	HBV DNA type A	A型乙肝DNA
JL-FA-65	HBV DNA type B	B型乙肝DNA
JL-FA-66	HBV DNA type C	C型乙肝DNA
JL-FA-67	HBV DNA type D	D型乙肝DNA
JL-FA-68	HBV DNA type E	E型乙肝DNA
JL-FA-69	HBV DNA type F	F型乙肝DNA
JL-FA-70	HBV Antibody HCV Antibody Plasma CO-INFECTED	乙肝和丙肝联合感染血浆
JL-FA-71	HCV (Hepatitis C Virus) Antibody	丙型肝炎抗体
JL-FA-72	HCV Core Antigen Positive	丙肝核心抗原阳性
JL-FA-73	HCV RNA PLASMA Genotype 1	基因1型丙肝RNA 血浆
JL-FA-74	HCV RNA PLASMA Genotype 2	基因2型丙肝RNA 血浆
JL-FA-75	HCV RNA PLASMA Genotype 3	基因3型丙肝RNA 血浆
JL-FA-76	HCV RNA PLASMA Genotype 4	基因4型丙肝RNA 血浆
JL-FA-77	HCV RNA PLASMA Genotype 5	基因5型丙肝RNA 血浆
JL-FA-78	HCV RNA PLASMA Genotype 6	基因6型丙肝RNA 血浆
JL-FA-79	HCV Riba single band	丙肝免疫印迹单波段
JL-FA-80	HCV RIBA Pos. (multiple bands)	丙肝免疫印迹阳性多波段
JL-FA-81	HCV Negative	丙肝阴性
JL-FA-82	HCV RNA Pos (quantitative)	丙肝RNA阳性（定量）
JL-FA-83	Hepatitis E	戊型肝炎
JL-FA-84	Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)1/2 Positive Plasma	单纯性疱疹病毒1/2阳性血浆
JL-FA-85	Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) 1 Negative Plasma	单纯性疱疹病毒1 阴性血浆
JL-FA-86	Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) 1 IgG	单纯性疱疹病毒1 IGG
JL-FA-87	Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV 1) IgM	单纯性疱疹病毒1 IGM
JL-FA-88	Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) 2 IgG	单纯性疱疹病毒2 IGG
JL-FA-89	Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) 2 IgM	单纯性疱疹病毒2 IGG
JL-FA-90	Histone	组蛋白
JL-FA-91	Human Anti Mouse Ab (HAMA)	人抗鼠抗体
JL-FA-92	Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1 Neg	HIV I 阴性
JL-FA-93	anti Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1 Plasma	抗HIV I 血浆
JL-FA-94	anti Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1 Serum	抗HIV I 血清
JL-FA-95	anti Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 2 Western Blot Tested	抗HIV 2 免疫印迹
JL-FA-96	anti Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1/2 2 HIV (+)	抗HIV 1/2 2 HIV阳性
JL-FA-97	Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Ag	HIV抗原
JL-FA-98	HIV RNA (quantitative) Plasma	HIV RNA 定量血浆
JL-FA-99	HIV RNA (quantitative) Serum	HIV RNA 定量血清
JL-FA-100	HIV1 Subtype A	HIV1 亚型A
JL-FA-101	HIV1 Subtype B	HIV1 亚型B
JL-FA-102	HIV1 Subtype C	HIV1 亚型C
JL-FA-103	HIV1 Subtype D	HIV1 亚型D
JL-FA-104	HIV1 Subtype E	HIV1 亚型E
JL-FA-105	HIV1 Subtype F	HIV1 亚型F
JL-FA-106	HIV1 Subtype G	HIV1 亚型G
JL-FA-107	HIV1 Subtype H	HIV1 亚型H
JL-FA-108	HIV1 Subtype J	HIV1 亚型J
JL-FA-109	HIV1 Subtype K	HIV1 亚型K
JL-FA-110	HIV1 Group O	HIV1 亚型O
JL-FA-111	Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 2 Antibody Plasma	HIV 2 抗体血浆
JL-FA-112	Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 2 Antibody Serum	HIV 2 抗体血清
JL-FA-113	HPV (Human Papiloma Virus) Negative	人乳状瘤病毒HPV阴性
JL-FA-114	HPV (Human Papiloma Virus) Positive	人乳状瘤病毒HPV阳性
JL-FA-115	Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Antibody HCV Antibody Plasma COINFECTED	HIV 抗体 HCV
JL-FA-116	Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) I/II	人嗜T淋巴细胞病毒(HTLV) I/II
JL-FA-117	Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) I	人嗜T淋巴细胞病毒(HTLV) I
JL-FA-118	Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) II	人嗜T淋巴细胞病毒(HTLV) II
JL-FA-119	Jo-1	多发性肌炎抗原JO-1
JL-FA-120	IgE < 5,000 Ku/L	IgE < 5,000 Ku/L
JL-FA-121	Legionella	军团杆菌属
JL-FA-122	Leptospira	军团杆菌属
JL-FA-123	Lyme Disease	莱姆(氏)病:蜱传播的全身性疾病,常在夏季发生
JL-FA-124	Lyme IgG	莱姆(氏)病 IGG
JL-FA-125	Lyme IgM	莱姆(氏)病 IGM
JL-FA-126	Lyme Disease Neg	莱姆(氏)病阴性
JL-FA-127	Malaria	疟疾
JL-FA-128	Mononucleosis (infectious)	单核细胞增多症（有传染性的）
JL-FA-129	Mononucleosis Negative	单核细胞增多症阴性
JL-FA-130	Measles Negative	麻疹阴性
JL-FA-131	Measles IgG	麻疹 IGG
JL-FA-132	Measles IgM	麻疹 IGM
JL-FA-133	Microsomal Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO) Positive Plasma Standard Titer (typically 1,000-3,000 IU/mL)	微粒体抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体
JL-FA-134	Microsomal Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO) Negative Plasma	微粒体抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体
JL-FA-135	Anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA)	抗线粒体抗体
JL-FA-136	Multiple Sclerosis	多发性硬化症
JL-FA-137	Mumps IgG	流行性腮腺炎 IGG
JL-FA-138	Mumps Ab IgM	流行性腮腺炎抗体 IGM
JL-FA-139	Mumps Antibody Negative Plasma	流行性腮腺炎抗体阴性血浆
JL-FA-140	Mumps Antibody Negative Serum	流行性腮腺炎抗体阴性血清
JL-FA-141	Myeloma Plasma	骨髓瘤血浆
JL-FA-142	Myeloma IgA	骨髓瘤IGA
JL-FA-143	Myeloma IgE	骨髓瘤IGE
JL-FA-144	Myeloma IgG	骨髓瘤IGG
JL-FA-145	Myeloma IgM	骨髓瘤IGM
JL-FA-146	Mycoplasma	支原体
JL-FA-147	Mycoplasma Negative	支原体阴性
JL-FA-148	Mycoplasma IgG	支原体IGG
JL-FA-149	Mycoplasma IgM	支原体IGM
JL-FA-150	Mycoplasma PCR	支原体PCR
JL-FA-151	Normal Human Plasma	正常人血浆
JL-FA-152	Normal Human Serum	正常人血清
JL-FA-153	Nuclear Antibody Centromere	核抗体着丝粒
JL-FA-154	Nuclear Antibody, Speckled ANA	核抗体，斑点抗核抗体
JL-FA-155	Nuclear Antibody, Nucleolar ANA	核抗体,核仁抗核抗体
JL-FA-156	Nuclear Antibody, Homogeneous ANA	核抗体，同质抗核抗体
JL-FA-157	Nuclear Antiobody, Speckled. (ANA) Negative	核抗体，斑点。抗核抗体阴性
JL-FA-158	P-ANCA (associated neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)	相关的嗜中性粒细胞胞浆抗体
JL-FA-159	Parietal Cell Antibody (PCA)	胃)壁细胞抗体
JL-FA-160	Parvo positive plasma	细小病毒阳性血浆
JL-FA-161	Parvo IgM	细小病毒 IGM
JL-FA-162	Parvo IgG	细小病毒 IGG
JL-FA-163	Parvo Negative Plasma	细小病毒阴性血浆
JL-FA-164	Parvo DNA positive	细小病毒 DNA 阳性
JL-FA-165	Phospholipid Positive Plasma	磷脂阳性血浆
JL-FA-166	Prothrombin	凝血酶原,凝血因子
JL-FA-167	Rheumatoid Factor (RF) <1000 IU/mL	类风湿因子<1000 IU/mL
JL-FA-168	Rheumatoid Factor (RF) 1001-2000 IU/mL	类风湿因子1001-2000 IU/mL
JL-FA-169	Rheumatoid Factor (RF) 2001-4000 IU/mL	类风湿因子 2001-4000 IU/mL
JL-FA-170	Rheumatoid Factor (RF) 4001-5000 IU/mL	类风湿因子 4001-5000 IU/mL
JL-FA-171	Rheumatoid Factor (RF) >5000 IU/mL	类风湿因子>5000 IU/mL
JL-FA-172	Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) Positive	核糖核蛋白阳性
JL-FA-173	Rubella Chimeric	风疹
JL-FA-174	Rubella Negative	风疹阴性
JL-FA-175	Rubella IgG	风疹IGG
JL-FA-176	Rubella IgM	风疹IGM
JL-FA-177	Rubeola Negative Plasma	风疹阴性血浆
JL-FA-178	Rubeola IgG	风疹IGG
JL-FA-179	Scleroderma (Scl-70) Pos	胶原沉着病,硬皮病,硬皮症阳性
JL-FA-180	Scleroderma (Scl-70) Negative	硬皮病阴性
JL-FA-181	Sickle Cell Fresh Whole Blood	镰刀形红细胞新鲜全血
JL-FA-182	Smith (SM)	抗Smith抗体阳性血清（SLE的特征性抗体）
JL-FA-183	SMITH RNP	抗RNP抗体阳性血清（SLE的特征性抗体）
JL-FA-184	Smooth Muscle (ASMA)	抗平滑肌抗体阳性血清
JL-FA-185	Sjogren syndrome antigen A (SSA) Positive	舍格伦综合征或干燥综合征抗原A 阳性
JL-FA-186	Sjogren syndrome antigen B (SSB) Positive	舍格伦综合征抗原B 阳性
JL-FA-187	Sjogren syndrome antigen B (SSB) Negative	舍格伦综合征抗原B阴性
JL-FA-188	Streptolysin O Ab (ASO)	链球菌溶血素O抗体
JL-FA-189	Syphilis (RPR - Rapid Plasma Reagin) Positive Plasma	梅毒（梅毒-快速血浆反应）阳性血浆
JL-FA-190	Syphilis (RPR - Rapid Plasma Reagin) Negative Plasma	梅毒（梅毒-快速血浆反应）阴性血浆
JL-FA-191	Syphilis/ATA/T. pallidum IgG	梅毒ATA/T，苍白球IGG
JL-FA-192	Syphilis/ATA/T. pallidum IgM	梅毒ATA/T，苍白球IGM
JL-FA-193	Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Positive	全身性红斑狼疮阳性
JL-FA-194	Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Negative	全身性红斑狼疮阴性
JL-FA-195	TG/TPO Positive (Standard Titer 1,000 - 3000 IU/mL)	甲状腺球蛋白/甲状腺过氧化物酶阳性
JL-FA-196	TG/TPO Negative	甲状腺球蛋白/甲状腺过氧化物酶阴性
JL-FA-197	TTG (Tissue Transglutaminase)	组织转谷氨酰胺酶
JL-FA-198	TTG (Tissue Transglutaminase) IgA	组织转谷氨酰胺酶 IGA
JL-FA-199	ToRCH (Toxo, Rubella, CMV, HSV) Positive	优生优育（弓形虫，风疹，巨细胞，单胞）阳性
JL-FA-200	ToRCH (Toxo, Rubella, CMV, HSV) Negative	优生优育（弓形虫，风疹，巨细胞，单胞）阴性
JL-FA-201	Toxoplasmosis (Toxo)	弓形虫病
JL-FA-202	Toxoplasmosis (Toxo) IgG	弓形虫病IGG
JL-FA-203	Toxoplasmosis (Toxo) IgM	弓形虫病IGM
JL-FA-204	Thyroglobulin (TG) Positive Plasma	甲状腺球蛋白阳性血浆
JL-FA-205	Thyroglobulin (TG) Negative	甲状腺球蛋白阴性
JL-FA-206	Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) Negative	水痘-带状疱疹病毒阴性
JL-FA-207	Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) IgG	水痘-带状疱疹病毒IGG
JL-FA-208	Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) IgM	水痘-带状疱疹病毒IGM
JL-FA-209	West Nile Virus (WNV)	西尼罗河脑炎病毒
JL-FA-210	West Nile Virus (WNV) IgM	西尼罗河脑炎病毒IGM

美国Seracare

老年群体抗原抗体益增多痴呆患者的现象对现行的医疗体系是个巨大的考验。阿尔茨海默病(AD)、帕金森综合症(PD)，以及额颞区痴呆(Frontotemporal dementia)患者的脑部病灶都存有异常的大量不溶蛋白质，会导致神经元的大量丢失。为了减少这些不溶蛋白质造成的长期损伤，凋亡的细胞和聚集的蛋白质必须被有效地降解或清除，这正是被称为小神经胶质细胞(Microglia)这种特殊的吞噬细胞的作用所在。小神经胶质细胞仅存于中央神经系统，属于先天性免疫体系的一部分，它就像大脑的卫生检查员，确保垃圾被及时清除，以免这些垃圾威胁到周边正常细胞。
该研究发现，TREM2 基因能调节小神经胶质细胞的吞噬效率。正常情况下，TREM2嵌入小神经胶质细胞的外膜，膜以外的功能域能识别死亡细胞留下的碎片。然而，TREM2基因的特定突变会干扰蛋白质合成过程中蛋白链的正常折叠，使之在运送到小神经胶质细胞外膜之前就被降解了，导致小神经胶质细胞处理细胞碎片的效率降低，继而那些有毒的不溶蛋白质以及凋亡的细胞在大脑聚集，并触发炎症反应，导致神经元受损。
研究人员表示，这项新发现明确了多种不同脑部疾病的共同机理，并为延缓那些已经表征痴呆症状的患者的治疗指明了道路。
膜蛋白对于光合作用、视觉等功能至关重要。它们还是细胞的看门人，能决定什么可能会通过细胞膜，也帮助从细胞膜外部输入养料和将内部垃圾输出。由于这些多重角色，它们构成了很大一部分的药物靶点。虽然它们的功能很明确，但是关于它们如何折叠的信息却远远落后于球状蛋白质。
Wolynes及其同事使用原始的基因组信息，来预测氨基酸链将如何通过遵循阻力zui小的途径(取决于链上每个残基相关的能量)，折叠成为功能蛋白质。一个蛋白质越接近于其功能性“原始”状态，它就会越稳定。Wolynes的开创性理论生动地将这种能量描绘成一个漏斗。
为了检测他们的计算机模型，研究人员将它们与X射线晶体学获得的真实蛋白质结构进行比较。大量的结构对球状折叠的蛋白质是可用的，这些蛋白漂浮在体内，执行生命*的任务。
但直到zui近几年，我们已经很难获得跨膜蛋白的相似结构，因为要提取它们用于成像，同时又不会破坏它们，难度非常的大。zui近有研究人员利用一种去垢剂洗掉目的蛋白上的大多数膜，Wolynes称：“它在蛋白质周围留下一个脂肪层，但是却给出一种涂层，可使整个分子在后来形成晶格。”

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Antibiotics in the elderly population increases the number of patients with dementia on the current medical system is a huge test. Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and brain lesions in patients with frontotemporal dementia have abnormally large amounts of insoluble proteins that result in substantial neuronal loss. In order to reduce the long-term damage caused by these insoluble proteins, apoptotic cells and aggregated proteins must be effectively degraded or cleared, which is what is known as the special phagocyte called microglia. Microglia, which reside only in the central nervous system and are part of the innate immune system, acts like a brain health inspector to ensure that rubbish is removed in time to prevent the rubbish from threatening the surrounding normal cells.
The study found that, TREM2 gene can regulate the phagocytic efficiency of microglia. Under normal circumstances, TREM2 embedded in the outer membrane of microglial cells, the membrane outside the domain can identify the debris left by dead cells. However, certain mutations in the TREM2 gene interfere with the normal folding of protein chains during protein synthesis, degrading them before they are delivered to the outer microglia, resulting in a reduction in the efficiency of microglial cells handling cell debris, Then those toxic insoluble proteins and apoptotic cells accumulate in the brain and trigger an inflammatory response, leading to neuronal damage.
The researchers said the new findings pinpoint common causes of many different brain diseases and point the way to delaying the treatment of those who already have symptoms of dementia.
Membrane proteins are essential for photosynthesis, vision and other functions. They are also gatekeepers to cells that determine what may pass through the cell membrane and also help to input nourishment from the exterior of the cell membrane and to export internal junk. Due to these multiple roles, they constitute a large part of the drug target. Although their function is clear, the information about how they fold is far behind globular proteins.
Wolynes and colleagues use the raw genomic information to predict how amino acid chains will fold into functional proteins by following the pathway of least resistance, depending on the energy associated with each residue on the chain. The closer a protein is to its functional "primitive" state, the more stable it will be. Wolynes' pioneering theory vividly portrays this energy as a funnel.
To test their computer models, the researchers compared them to the actual protein structures obtained by X-ray crystallography. Numerous structures are available for globularly folded proteins that float in the body and perform essential tasks of life.
However, it has been very difficult to obtain similar structures of transmembrane proteins in recent years because it is extremely difficult to extract them for imaging without damaging them. Recently, researchers have used a detergent to wash away most of the membrane on the protein of interest, Wolynes said: "It leaves a layer of fat around the protein but gives a coating that allows the entire molecule to form later Lattice. "

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